According to the Alice Springs (Mparntwe) Education Declaration (2019), Every student must develop strong literacy and numeracy skills in their earliest years of schooling. To become an effective teacher, educators must possess deep content knowledge to model, investigate explore and discuss mathematics using a variety of approaches which will provide learners with the foundation for successful lifelong learning.This unit uses a direct instruction pedagogy to support pre-service teachers to gain a deep learning of important mathematical content knowledge needed for teaching mathematics to students from birth to twelve years of age. The mathematical focus areas include number and algebra, measurement and space, and chance and data, as reflected in the Australian Curriculum: Mathematics. The learning is underpinned by a mathematical modelling process; examples of the application of mathematics in the real world; cross-curriculum capabilities; relevant historical and cultural examples of the content, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander ways of knowing; and problem-solving techniques. The content and assessment in this unit embed this understanding in authentic contexts and meaningful representational tasks. The aim of this unit is to provide pre-service teachers with a deep understanding of the foundational mathematics content knowledge required to make pedagogical decisions about students and their learning.