Being able to read and write is critical to young people’s success in education and the workplace.

In this unit, pre-service teachers examine typical language development and language variations, with particular attention to typical and atypical phonological development, and lexical and semantic development. Pre-service teachers also examine aspects of language development in bidialectal and multilingual contexts, the different features of oral and written language, and the reciprocal relationship between oral language/vocabulary knowledge and the development of literacy. They are introduced to how children learn to read and write words and to comprehend longer texts, and examine how the English writing system works and how phonemes, morphemes and history of the language are represented in this system. Pre-service teachers will develop awareness of phonemes, graphemes, and morphemes, and examine why phonics is important in moving children from pre-readers to readers, why spelling is a crucial element of teaching writing, and how spelling differs from and supports reading acquisition. Finally, language and reading comprehension are introduced as multi-componential constructs, and the roles of word reading ability, reading fluency, vocabulary and oral language ability in reading comprehension are highlighted.

The aim of this unit is to provide pre-service teachers with the foundational understanding of language and literacy concepts and developmental and learning processes that are necessary for learning to teach and assess literacy skills.